The heat pump pulls heat from the surrounding air and dumps it-at a higher temperature - into a tank to heat water.ġ.External air is drawn into the heat pump system via a fan into an evaporator containing a special type of refrigerant, which is stored in piping.Ģ.A typical refrigerant R134a has an evaporation or boiling point of -26C whereas water has a boiling point of 100C.
It works on the principle of reverse Carnot cycle. A reverse Carnot cycle is called a heat pump. Lastly, the refrigerant expands isentropically until its temperature falls to that of the low-temperature source, TL. Also during this stage, the refrigerant changes from saturated vapor to a saturated liquid in the condenser. Then at this high temperature, the refrigerant rejects heat isothermally in the amount QH. In the first stage of this cycle, a refrigerant absorbs heat isothermally from a low-temperature source, TL, in the amount QL Next, the refrigerant is isentropically compressed and its temperature rises to that of the high-temperature source, TH. This is a typical P-V diagram for the reverse Carnot cycle. (isothermal heat rejection) and Adiabatic reversible compression. Heat transferred reversibly to the low-temperature reservoir at constant temperature TC. Heat is transferred reversibly from the high-temperature reservoir at constant temperature TH (isothermal heat addition or absorption) Isentropic (reversible adiabatic) expansion of the gas (isentropic work output) Isothermal compression. This became the famous Carnot cycle also called the Carnot heat engine, a benchmark for an ideal heat engine, later expanded upon by others over the next few decades.Įssentially, the Carnot cycle consists of Isothermal expansion. In the process of going through this cycle, the system may perform work on its surroundings, for example by moving a piston, thereby acting as a heat engine.
Carnot cycle heat pump heat rule series#
When a system is taken through a series of different states and finally returned to its initial state, a thermodynamic cycle is said to have occurred. A heat pump water heater is a device that pulls heat from the surrounding air and dumps it -at a higher temperature - into a tank to heat water.įrench physicist Sadi Carnot visualized that every single thermodynamic system exists in a particular state. Heat pump hot water works on the principle of reverse Carnot cycle. The heat pump concept is a familiar subject for Refrigerator and Air conditioners, I guess many of us in this part of the world are not so much familiar with the heat pump’s application in producing hot water.
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